There are many prepositions of place in German that answer the questions "where?" and "where to?" Most of them are used with a certain case.
Let's take a look at some of the common prepositions of place.
Aus & Von
Rule 1: By using "aus" and "von", you tell people where you come from.
"Aus" describes that you are moving physically out of a place. It is also used to explain your roots.
Rule 2: When using "von", you can say that you come from a certain place (or certain activity).
Note: Both prepositions are always used with the dative case.
Durch
Rule 3: The preposition "durch" describes the crossing or passing of something. It always comes with accusative case.
Gegenüber
Rule 4: The preposition "gegenüber" describes that somebody or something is placed frontally on the other side of something. It always comes with the dative case.
Rule 5: "Gegenüber" can be placed before or after the noun, but always after a personal pronoun.
Um (herum)
Rule 6: The preposition "um (...herum)" indicates a circular movement around something, or that someone/something is surrounded by something.
Entlang
Rule 7: The preposition "entlang" describes a movement in a parallel direction, next to a specified boundary (with the idea of following alongside something).
Rule 8: This preposition can come before or after a noun. When the noun comes first, we use accusative case, but when the preposition comes first, we use genitive instead. The meaning remains the same.